📓Nouns (Substantive)
Always capitalized in German.
Noun always ave gender:
- 🟦 der (masculine)
- 🟥 die (feminine)
- 🟨 das (neuter)
Change form based on case (Nominativ, Akkusativ, Dativ, Genitiv).
Can be singular or plural.
- Gender affects the article: der/die/das for nominative singular.
- Plural forms are always die in nominative and accusative, regardless of gender.
- Dative plural always adds -n if it doesn’t already end in n.
- Genitive singular often adds -s or -es to the noun.
- Feminine nouns don’t change in singular for genitive/dative—only the article changes.
Noun Formula
| Case | 🟦 Masculine | 🟨 Neuter | 🟥 Feminine | 🟩 Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 👤 Nominativ* | der |
das |
die |
die + (optional -e/-er/-en) |
| 🎯 Akkusativ | den |
das |
die |
die + (optional -e/-er/-en) |
| 🎁 Dativ | dem |
dem |
der |
den + -n (if not already ending in n) |
| 🧩 Genitiv | des (-s/es) |
des (-s/es) |
der |
der + (optional -e/-er/-en) |
Noun List:
-
Familie & Menschen 👨👩👧👦 Parents, siblings, grandparents, cousins, etc. Friends, neighbors, people in your city.
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Tiere 🐾 Pets, farm animals, wild animals
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Essen & Trinken 🍎🥖 Fruits, vegetables, meals, drinks, snacks. Kitchen items like “der Teller – plate,” “die Gabel – fork.”
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Kleidung 👗👕 Everyday clothing items: shirts, shoes, jackets, accessories.
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Möbel & Räume 🛋️🏠 Furniture and rooms at home: “der Tisch – table,” “das Bett – bed,” “die Küche – kitchen.”
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Technik & Medien 💻📱 Gadgets, devices, apps: “das Handy – phone,” “der Computer – computer.”
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Schule & Büro 📚✏️ School and office nouns: “der Stift – pen,” “das Heft – notebook,” “die Tafel – blackboard.”
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Einkaufen & Geld 🛒💶 Stores, money, shopping items: “der Supermarkt – supermarket,” “die Rechnung – bill.”
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Transport & Verkehr 🚗🚌 Vehicles, streets, public transport: “der Bus – bus,” “das Auto – car.”
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Körper & Gesundheit 🫀🦴 Body parts, health items: “der Arm – arm,” “die Hand – hand,” “das Auge – eye.”
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Natur & Wetter 🌳☀️ Weather, landscapes, plants: “der Baum – tree,” “das Wetter – weather,” “die Blume – flower.”
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Hobbys & Freizeit 🎨⚽ Sports, games, arts, music instruments: “die Gitarre – guitar,” “der Fußball – soccer ball.”